Quick answer
The midrange is (minimum + maximum) ÷ 2. For 3, 9, 1 and 12 it is (1 + 12) ÷ 2 = 6.5, from a range of 11.
Enter a list of numbers. The calculator returns the midrange, minimum, maximum and range.
Related tools: Standard Deviation Calculator: Sample or population standard deviation with variance and mean. Z-Score Calculator: Standardize a value using a mean and standard deviation. Mean Median Mode Range Calculator: Mean, median, mode and range of a data set.
How to use the Midrange Calculator
- Type data set, for example 4, 8, 15, 16, 23, 42.
- Press Calculate to see the result, and use Reset to start again.
| Input | What to enter | Allowed values |
|---|---|---|
| Data set | Text, such as 4, 8, 15, 16, 23, 42 | — |
Formula and method
Formula
midrange = (min + max) ÷ 2
IEEE-754 double precision; shown to at most 6 decimal places.
Average of the extremes.
Worked examples
This example is verified: each one is an automated test case that the live calculator must reproduce exactly.
Example 1
Inputs: Data set = 3, 9, 1, 12.
| Result | Value |
|---|---|
| Midrange | 6.5 |
| Minimum | 1 |
| Maximum | 12 |
| Range | 11 |
The first line is the headline result (midrange). Below it the midrange Calculator lists minimum, maximum and range, which describe the same case from other angles. IEEE-754 double precision; shown to at most 6 decimal places.
A quick centre
The midrange is the point halfway between the extremes. It's easy but sensitive to outliers: one extreme value moves it a long way. Here the mean is 6.25 and the median 6.
Where it is used
It's used in quick estimates and in some signal and temperature summaries (the daily mean from high and low is the midrange). Prefer the mean or median for skewed data.
What happens with invalid input
These messages are produced by the calculator itself, so you know what to fix.
- Data set: entering "q" shows "“q” is not a number." beside that field and no result.
Choosing between the Midrange Calculator and similar calculators
Each row shows what a related calculator on this site asks for and what it returns, so you can pick the one that matches your question.
| Calculator | You enter | It returns |
|---|---|---|
| [Standard Deviation Calculator](/statistics/standard-deviation-calculator/) | data set and data type | Population standard deviation (σ) |
| [Z-Score Calculator](/statistics/z-score-calculator/) | value, mean and standard deviation | Z-score |
| [Mean Median Mode Range Calculator](/statistics/mean-median-mode-range-calculator/) | data set | Mean |
| [Median Calculator](/statistics/median-calculator/) | data set | Median |
| [Relative Standard Deviation Calculator](/statistics/relative-standard-deviation-calculator/) | data set and data type | Relative standard deviation |
Background: descriptive statistics
Population statistics divide by n and sample statistics divide by n − 1 (Bessel's correction), because a sample tends to understate variability. Use the population version when your data is every value in the group, and the sample version when it is a subset.
Defaults differ between tools, and so do quartile conventions, which can give slightly different values for small data sets; this page states the method it uses.
Assumptions and limitations
- Sensitive to outliers
If a required value is empty, not a number, or outside its allowed range, the form marks that field with a message and shows no result instead of a misleading number. The automated checks deliberately try invalid entries for data set to confirm this.
Frequently asked questions
What is the midrange of 10 and 20?
The midrange of 10 and 20 is (10 + 20) ÷ 2 = 15.
Is it affected by outliers?
Strongly, because it uses only the minimum and maximum: adding a value of 100 to 3, 9, 1, 12 moves the midrange from 6.5 to 50.5.
What is the difference from the median?
It uses only the extremes.
What does the Midrange Calculator calculate?
Midpoint between the smallest and largest value. It returns Midrange, Minimum, Maximum and Range.
What formula does the Midrange Calculator use?
midrange = (min + max) ÷ 2. Average of the extremes.
How is the result rounded or limited?
IEEE-754 double precision; shown to at most 6 decimal places. Sensitive to outliers.
What is an example of a midrange result?
With data set 3, 9, 1, 12, the midrange is 6.5.
Related calculators
- Standard Deviation Calculator — Sample or population standard deviation with variance and mean.
- Z-Score Calculator — Standardize a value using a mean and standard deviation.
- Mean Median Mode Range Calculator — Mean, median, mode and range of a data set.
- Median Calculator — Median of a data set.
- Relative Standard Deviation Calculator — Relative standard deviation (RSD) as a percentage.
- Variance Calculator — Sample or population variance.
Sources
- Standard statistics definition (e.g. NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods)
Content last reviewed 2026-11-04. Formulas and worked examples are checked by automated tests against independently computed values.